Tabulating card reader program control structure



Oct 22, 1968 E. o. BLODGETT 3,407,287

TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE Filed Feb. 1l, 1965 14 Sheets-Sheet l FIG. l

FIG.22

INVENTOR.

EDWIN 0. BLODGETT Q2/ww ATTORNEY E. O. BLODGETT Oct. 22, 1968 TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE 14 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 1l, 1965 Oct. 22, 1968 E. o. BLODGETT TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE 14 Sheets-Sheet -3 Filed Feb.' 11, 1955 OCL 22, 1968 E. o. BLODGETT 3,407,287

TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE Filed Feb. ll, 1965 14 Sheets-Sheet 4 Oct. 22, 1968 E. o. BLoDGET-r 3,407,287

TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE Filed Feb. 1l, 1965 14 Sheets-Sheet 5 Ocr- 22, 196s E. O. BLODGETT 3,407,287

TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE Filed Feb. ll, 1955 14 Sheets-Sheet 6 Oct. 22, 1968 E. o. BLODGETT TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE 14 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Feb. ll, 1955 FIG. EO

Oct. 22, 1968 E.O.BLODGETT TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE 14 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Feb. l1, 1965 FIG. Il

E. o. BLODGETT 3,407,287

TABULATING CARD HEADER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE 14 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Feb. ll, 1965 Oct. 22, 1968 E. o. BLODGETT TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE 14 SheeS-Sheet l0 Filed Feb. l1, 1965 Oct. 22, 1968 E. o. BLODGETT TABULATING GARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE 14 Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed Feb. l1, 1965 Oct. 22, 1968 E. o. BLoDGi-:T-r

TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE Filed Feb. ll, 1965 14 Sheets-Sheet l2 v Oct. 22, 1968 TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE E. O. BLODGETT Filed Feb. 11, 1965 I l C Olm m FlG.i87

14 Sheets-Sheet 15 25e 254 l" l ille/"E 253 Oct. 22, 1968 E. oV BLODGETT 3,407,287

l TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE United States Patent Oce 3,407,287 Patented Oct. 22, 1968 3,407,287 TABULATING CARD READER PROGRAM CONTROL STRUCTURE Edwin O Blodgett, Rochester, N .Y., assignor to Friden, Inc., a corporation of Delaware Filed Feb. 11, 1965, ser. No. 431,940

. v1s Claims. (Cl. 23S-61.11)

Thepresent invention relates to tabulating card` readers. The invention more particularly relates to tabulating card readers which feed succesive cards from an input card hopper, transport the cards edgewise through a reading Zone to an output hopper, and at the reading zone sense columns of coded apertures representative of coded information items and convert the sensed apertures to correspondingv coded electrical signals representative of the information items. A The tabulating card reader of the invention is an improvement of the tabulating card reader disclosed in applicants copending application Ser. No. 249,228, led Jan. 3,1963, now Patent No. 3,304,410 and in the Wilbur C. Ahrns copending application Ser. No. 249,202, also filed on Jan. 3, 1963, now Patent No. 3,382,347 both applications being assigned to the same assignee as the present application.

Thereader of these copending applications accepts single tabulating cards manually inserted into reading position in the reader, and transports the cards edgewise through a reading zone where an aligned row of lever-supported pivotal star wheels mechanically senses successive columns of coded apertures representative of successive items of coded information. Upon the sensing of a code aperture by a star wheel, the support lever of the latter moves and permits a mechanically driven interposer to close the contacts of an individual contact stack. Electrical interconnection of the contacts in these contact stacks enables conversion of the coded apertures in each card column to coded electrical signals representative of thecorresponding item of aperture-recorded coded infomation. The tabulating card moves at constant velocity past the star-wheel reading zone of the reader, may be controllably halted at any card column, and drops by .gravity into an output card hopper upon completion of reading of all card columns.

During processing of a deck of cards through the reader many auxiliary operations, either upon the reading processor upon the utilization of the data, may be desirable. For example, it may be desirable not to read, or to read but not to record, certain items of information. For another example, in a given run of cards only certain information items may be of interest and consequently it may be desired to skip portions (or all) of some or all cards at high speed in order to reduce overall reading time. It is highly desirable to provide a means whereby the operator may initially program the reader so that a plurality of such functions may be automatically performed upon the cards or the data obtained from the cards. Such a means should be simple to set up so that it can be reprogrammed frequently if necessary, and it should be highly reliable so that the correct rows and columns of index-points on each card as it is read is correlated to the proper programming instructions, if any. Such a programming means also should be completely compatible with alternative modes of control as by manual and auxiliary equipment.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved tabulating card reader, and one possessing the desirable operational characteristics enumerated above.

It is a further object of the inventionto provide a novel tabulating card reader adapted to select and read successive cards from'a stack thereof supplied to the reader, and in doing so to provide highly flexible selection and control of the reading operations applicable to each card in turn.

It is an additional object of the inventionto provide an improved tabulating card reader having utility in numerous and diverse applications as a source of data information rapidly and accurately presented in a wide variety of forms suitable for computation and documentation.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear as the detailed description thereof proceeds in the light of the drawings forming a part of this application, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a tabulating card reader embodying the present invention;

FIGURE 2 is an elevational interior view of the tabulating card reader shown in FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is an elevational interior view of the opposite side of the tabulating card reader shown in FIG- URE 2;

FIGURE 4 is a front elevational interior view of the reader shown in FIGURE 1 showing certain of the parts with portions thereof and details thereof omitted for clarity;

FIGURE 5 is a cross-sectional view of that portion of the components adapted to advance the card through the reader shown in FIGURES 4 and 8 and taken along line 5 5 therein;

FIGURE 6 is a detail view of certain of the components shown in FIGURE 5 and taken along line 6 6 therein;

FIGURE 7 is a detail view of the parts shown in FIGURE 6 and taken along line 7-7 therein;

FIGURE 8 is a developed view of a portion of the arrangement of components shown in FIGURE 5 taken along line 8-8 therein;

FIGURE 9 is an enlarged detail view of a single tooth gearing arrangement shown in FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 10 is an elevational cross-sectional view of the upper portion of the reader to illustrate the construction, arrangement and character of operation of the tabulating card reading components in relation to initiation of each card reading operation of the reader;

FIGURE 11 is a partially sectioned detail view of the program drum and associated components shown in the general arrangement of parts of FIGURE 4;

FIGURE 12 is a sectioned view of the program drum and associated components taken along line 12-12 in FIGURE l1;

FIGURE 13 is an end view of the program drum shown in FIGURE l1 and taken along a section through the shaft thereof viewed at line 13--13 in FIGURE l1;

FIGURE 14 is a cross-sectional view of the tabulating card reader according to the invention showing the relationship of the various components associated with the input and output storage of the cards and the advancing of the cards therebetween;

FIGURE 15 is a developed view of the driving mecha- 3, nism for advancing the cards and taken along line -15 in FIGURE 14;

FIGURE 16 is an elevational view of the input hopper shown in FIGURE 14 and taken along line 16-16 there- 1n;

FIGURE 17 is a section view of the input hopper and associated components shown in FIGURE 16 and taken along line 17-17 therein, showing the components thereof in poised position ready to advance a card;

FIGURE 18 is a partial view of the apparatus shown in FIGURE 17 showing the components thereof at the position assumed when a card has been advancedfrom the pack;

FIGURE 19 is a partial view taken along line 19-19 in FIGURE 17,

FIGURE 20 is a portion of the input hopper structure associated with the portion shown in FIGURE 19;l

FIGURE 21 is a view of the structure shown in FIG- URE 20 taken along line 21-21 therein; and

FIGURE 22 is a detail section view taken along line 22-22 in FIGURE 8.

Referring now to FIGURE 1, there is illustrated a tabulating card reader embodying the present invention in a particular form. The reader conveniently includes an outer console envelope having a front panel 31 with an input tabulating card hopper 32 at the upper portion thereof and an output card hopper 33 at a lower portion thereof, all as shown in FIGURE 1, and supporting a series of control electrical switches 31a useful in manually controlling the reader operation and the selection of various available card read programs.

As will be best understood by recourse to FIGURES 2 and 3, a motor 34 (FIGURE 2) is appropriately belted to drive two clutch shafts 35 and 36 at different speeds. Shaft 35 constitutes a high or skip speed Shaft and shaft 36 constitutes a low or read speed shaft. The shafts 35 and 36 are selectively effective to cause reading of a card 81a picked from a pack 81 in input hopper 32 during passage of the card endwise along a reading station intermediate the traverse between input hopper 32 and output hopper 33. Throughout this specification, it will be understood that reference to a card 81a refers to any card in the stack of cards 81, in its identity as a picked card prou gressing through the reader. As will be hereinafter described in detail, a program drum 38 (FIGURE 3) operates to select which of the two drive shafts 35 and 36 are effective, and consequently whether or not a particular portion of the field of the card in the reading station is read at reading speed or skipped at high speed.

With additional reference to FIGURE 4, motor 34 includes motor shaft 39 which carries a pair of belt pulleys 40 and 41. Pulley 40 drives high skip speed clutch shaft 35 via belt 42 and pulley 43. The shaft 35 speed is slightly reduced, in the illustrative embodiment, relative to the motor shaft 39 speed. Pulley 41 on motor shaft 39 drives read speed shaft 36 through a speed reduction drive comprising the belt 44 connection of motor pulley 41 to pulley 45 on idler shaft 46, and thence the belt 47 connection of pulley`48 on idler shaft 46 to pulley 49 on read speed clutch shaft 36. Because of the intermediate speed reduction pulleys and 48, the read shaft 36 speed is a small fraction of the skip shaft 35 speed.

As may be seen by additional reference to FIGURES 5 through 8, the read clutch shaft 36 is journalled at one end by a bearing structure 50 in a side plate 51 and is journalled near the opposite end by a bearing structure 52 in a side plate 53. The shaft 36 is driven by pulley 49 through the wrap spring clutch 54, which is itself also journalled in bearing structure 52. The clutch S4 is of conventional construction such as illustrated in FIGURES 4 to 7 of U.S. Patent No. 2,927,158, except that (FIG- URES 2 and 8 herein) four detent protuberances 55a and keeper notches 55b are provided on the respective clutch housing 55C and keeper member 55d and four knock-off lobes are provided on the clutch cam 56 rather 4 than the pairs of these elements illustrated for the 180 clutch construction of the patent last mentioned. The clutch 54, according to the energization or deenergization of its control electromagnet, is thus operative at 90 rotational angles of the shaft 36 to connect the shaft to or disconnect it from the pulley 49 and thence to the source of driving power in motor 34.

Similarly, the high speed skip shaft 35 is journalled at one end in a bearing structure 57 in side plate 51, while the opposite end thereof is journalled in bearing structure 58 in side plate 53. A high speed wrap spring clutch 59 corresponds in structure and operation to read speed clutch 54 already described. Specifically, the clutch 59 connects, at 90 angles of the shaft 35, thepowerdriven pulley 43 to the shaft 35 in the manner ready described, by means of the four detent protuberances 60a and keeper notches 60h on the respective clutch housing 60C and keeper member 60d, and four knock-off lobes are provided on clutch cam 61.

The reader includes a shaft 64 carrying a tabulating card main drive roll 62 fabricated with spaced card-engaging driving discs 63. The shaft 64 is journalled in side plates 51 and 53 at bearing structures 79 and 80. The program drum 38 is carried on the opposite side of bearing structure 79 by an extension of shaft 64 so that program drum 38 is driven by, and rotated in synchronization with, drive roll 62. The main drive roll 62 is provided with a gear 65 which is driven from either high skip speed shaft 35 or read speed shaft 36 by means of a train including a differential gear arrangement.

Thus, differential shaft 68 is journalled at opposed end portions to side plates 51 and 53 by bearing structures 69 and 70 respectively. On shaft 68 is a differential gear box including a bevel gear 71 free to rotate on shaft 68 and a bevel gear 73 also free to rotate on shaft 68. Bevel gears 71 and 73 are free of each other, but are mutually meshed with planetary gear 72 which is free to rotate on a stud 72a which is secured at right angles to shaft 68. Bevel gear 71 rotates in tandem with gear 74, and bevel gear 73 rotates in tandem with gear 67. Gear 74 is meshed with gear 75 which is fixed to high skip speed shaft 35, while gear 67 is meshed to gear 66 which is fixed to read speed shaft 36. Gear 77 is fixed to shaft 68 and is meshed with gear 78 which is free to rotate on high speed shaft 35. Gear 76 is fixed in tandem to gear 78, and is meshed with gear 65 of drive roll 62.

The objective of the arrangement is to allow drive of roll 62, and thereby drive of the card 81a, in precise manner such that when -the drive roll 62 stops, an index column on cards 81a will always be exactly aligned with the star wheels 122, regardless of changing back and forth between low speed drive from shaft 36 and high speed drive from shaft 35. To that end, either of shafts 35 and 36 is held motionless while the other shaft is driving, so that when 4the motionless shaft resumes the driving it does so from the aligned orientation, as aforesaid, at which it was last stopped.

Tracing the train of driving elements will illustrate this. Assume that clutch 54 was deenergized and clutch 59 was energized. Read speed shaft 36 will have stopped in the aforesaid aligned position due to the action of clutch 54. Power at high skip speed shaft 35 is transmitted to gear 75 thereon, and hence to gear 74 and bevel gear 71. Since the latter two gears are free on shaft 68, they do not directly turn that shaft` Gear 71 tends, through planetary gear 72, to turn gear 73 and thus gear 67. However, since three reversals of sense of rotation would thus be involved from shaft 35 to shaft 36, that would cause shaft 36 to reverse from its usual sense, and clutch 54, being of one-way construction, will not allow that, Gears 73 and 67 are thus stopped relative to gear 66 which is stopped by clutch 54. The turning tendency of gear 71 causes planetary gear 72 to roll around the now xed gear 73, and this propels shaft 68 to which gear 72 is radially fixed by stud 72u. The rotation of shaft 68 drives gear 76 via gears 77 and 78, and gear 76 drives drive roll 62 via gear 65. The interaction of the train of elements is thusv such that shaft 35 drives drive roll 62 7while shaft 36 is held fixed.

` f Now assume that clutch 59 is de-energized while clutch 54 is energized. High skip speed shaft 35 will have stopped in an aligned position due to the action of clutch 59. Power is thereafter fed'from gear y66 on shaft 36 to gears 67 and-73 on shaft `68. Gears 71 and 74 on shaft 68 cannot rotate, because their driven sense would cause shaft 35 to rotate opposite to its normal sense. Clutch 59 thus stops gear 75 and thereby gears 74 and 71, and thus gear73'forces planetary vgear 72 to roll around the now'ilixed gear 71 thus propelling shaft 68 with it. Shaft 68thereby drives drive roll'62, again through gears 77, 78, 76, and 65. The interaction of the train of elements is suchl that shaft 36 drives main drive roll 62 While shaft 35 is held fixed. f l

The ratio of the various gears is chosen to propel drive roll 62 at speeds proportional to the speeds of respective pulleys -43 and 49. Additionally the gearing is chosen sothat whichever shaft isdoing the driving, a 90 advance thereof causes an advance of drive roll: 62 such that-thel circumferential travel thereof is equal to the distance between `adjacent index-point columns on a card 81a driven thereby.

Referring now additionally to FIGURE 10, a tabulating card 81a is moved lengthwise from the input card hopper 32 into reading position in the reader. In the home position lof the reader, at which the reading of each tabulating card begins, spaced ones of the main drive roll discs 63 are provided with projecting stop portions 82 which engage the end of the tabulating card 81a upon insertion of the card into reading position in the reader` The reader is also provided with a card feed pressure roll 83v (FIGURE 8) fabricated'with spaced discs 84 in opposed relation to discs 63. The pressure roll 83 is rotatably supported upon a shaft 85 extending between side arms 86 and 87 which are secured to shaft 88 which is rotationally supported by side plates 51V and 53. The pressure roll 83 is provided at one end with a gear 89 in meshed engagement with the gear 65 on main drive roll 62. This meshable relationship of the gears 89 and 65 is maintained even during intervals when the rnain drive rollV 62 and pressure roll 83 are moved to spaced relation near the end of each card reading operation. This spacing ofthe rolls is accomplished by segmental gears 90 and 91 provided as shown (FIGURES 8 and 9) in axially aligned positions on the corresponding roll-62-carried-disc 92, respectively, in cooperation with the engagable similarly aligned one-tooth gear segments 93, 94, provided at opposed ends of pressure roll 83.

Upon separation of the main drive roll 62 and pressure roll 83, by rotational engagement of the segmental gears 90, 91, with their associated one-tooth gearsegments 93, 94, as occurs once for each complete revolution of the main drive roll 62, both of the pressure roll supporting arms 86, 87, are moved into latched engagement with individual ones of a pair of latch arms 95 (FIGURE 2 and -7) which are secured on a sleeve 96 rotatably supported on a shaft 97 extending between the side plates 51, 53. The latch arms 95 are biased into latching position by a helical wire spring 98. An arm 95a on each latch 95 is connected to a mutual strap 99 extending therebetween which forms an armature for the pole pieces of electromagnets 100 supported on a bracket 101 extending between the side plates 51,53.

The initial conditioning of the reader for each new card reading operation is accomplished by brief electric energization of the electromagnets 100, which attract the bracket 101 and rotate the latch arms 95 out of engagement with latch notches 102 provided on the remote ends of the pressure roll 83 supporting arms 86, 87. The latter are biased by helical wire springs 103 for rotation of the shaft 88 to engage the pressure roll 83 against a tabulating card inserted into reading position in the reader and thus press the tabulating card against the discs 63 of the main drive roll 62. The gears 89 and 93 effect positive drive of the pressure roll 83 from the main drive roll 62 so that both rolls are effective in drivingly transporting the card through the reader. This double-roll drive of the card avoids any possibility of slippage between the card and the main drive roll 62 so that successive index-point columns of the card are always accurately positioned for reading. Sub-sequent successive brief energizations of the electromagnet 223 of the read speed clutch 54 or the electromagnet 224 high skip speed clutch 59, effects stepby-step transport of the tabulating card by drive of the main drive roll 62 from, respectively, shaft 36 or shaft 35, each such step transport of the card corresponding to the space between successive index-point columns of the card.

The pressure roll supporting arms 86 and 87 are guided in their rotational movement on the shaft 88 by one-tooth comb brackets 104 mounted -on individual L-shaped brackets 105 secured to the respective side walls 51 and 53. One of the brackets 105 also supports an electrical contact assembly 106 (FIGURES 5 and 7) having movable contacts which are actuated by an L-shaped bracket 107 secured to the arm 87. In particular, the contacts of the Contact assembly 106 are in open-contact position when the pressure roll 83 is latched in spaced relation to the main drive roll 62, and are actuated to closed-contact position when the pressure roll 83 is yunlatched and moves to card engaging position. These electrical contacts are used in providing an indication in the electrical control system of the reader as to whether or not the pressure roll 83 is in its card engaging position.

As shown more clearly in FIGURES 8 and 22, the main drive roll 62 is provided at one end with acam disc 108 having on its periphery a single notch 109 engageable by a pivoted feeler lever 110 which operates a microswitch 111 mounted on a bracket 112 secured to side wall 51. The notch 109 of the cam disc 108 is located at the earlier mentioned home position of the main drive roll 62. This is the position at which each tabulating card reading operation of the reader terminates and a new reading operation subsequently begins, and the operation of the microswitch 111 by the feeler lever 110 thus provides an indication in the electrical control system of the reader as to whether or not the reader is at its home position.

The read speed driven shaft 36 (FIGURE 8) is provided with a plurality of spaced cams 113 which are ixedly secured to rotate with the shaft. These cams operate individual contact subassemblies 114 (FIGURE 5) which are non-rotatably positioned by a longitudinal slot 115 formed as shown in the upper face of the spacing bar 116 between side plates 51 and 53, and which are secured to the bar 116 by machine screws 117. The contact subassemblies 114 include a cam-follower arm 118 biased into contact with the associated cam 108 by a leaf spring 119 which also through a plunger 120 actuates the movable contacts of an electrical contact assembly 121. These electrical contacts are used in a more complete electrical control system in which the tabulating card reader forms one part. l

The reader includes a plurality of tabulating-card-codeaperture-sensing star wheels 122 rotatably supported as shown in FIGURE l0 at the ends of individual bell cranks 123, of U-shaped cross section, pivotally supported upon a shaft 124 positioned within a notch 125 in a spacing bar 126 extending between side plates 51 and 53. The bell cranks 123 with their star wheels 122 are received between the lianges 63 of the main drive roll 62 as illustrated in FIGURE 8. The star wheels of the several bell cranks 123 are aligned to sense concurrently each successive index-point column of the tabulating card transported through the reader, each of the star wheels sensing the code apertures in an individual index-point row of the card. Each of the bell cranks 123 is biased by a wire spring 127 toward code aperture sensing position wherein its associated star wheel 122 senses the presence and absence of code apertures in the tabulating card. Consider, for example, the home poition of the main drive roll 62 illustrated in FIGURE 10 where the projecting stop portions 82 engage and preposition the leading end of the tabulating card 81 in readiness to begin a reading operation. The leading edge portion of the card has an unperforated area preceding the first index-point column of the card and, accordingly, two adjacent teeth of each star wheel 122 engage the surface of the card to maintain the bell cranks 123 rotated to a counterclockwise position as seen in FIGURE 10. When a code apen ture is sented in the card by the star wheel 122, a tooth of the star wheel projects through the code aperture and thus permits the associated bell crank 123 to rotate slightly in the clockwise sense (as viewed in FIGURE l). These slight angular movements of the bell cranks 123 are guided by a comb 128 secured to the spacing bar 126.

Thel remote ends of the bell cranks 123 are provided with a flat latch portion 129. In the non-aperture sensing position of each bell crank 123, as illustrated in FIG- URE 10, the latch portion 129 is positioned to be engaged by an individual one of a plurality of pivotally supported reciprocal interposers 130 to restrict the range of reciprocal motion of the latter effected in a manner presently to be described. In the aperture sensing position of the bell crank 123, the latch portion 129 of the bell crank is positioned beneath its associated interposers 130 and thus does not limit the range of reciprocal motion of the interposer.

All of the interposers 130 are reciprocally guided by grooves formed in the upper portion of the spacing bar 131. Each interposer has an S-shaped end portion 132 biased by a helical wire spring 133, extending between the interposer end portion 132 and a spring anchor pate 134 secured to the spacing bar 126, into engagement with a bail 135. The latter is supported at its ends by bell cranks 136 pivoted on individual studs 137 secured to the side plates 51 and 53 of the reader. The bail 135 and its supporting bell cranks 136 are reciprocated through a cycle of angular motion during each 90 rotation of the driving shaft or 36) which, as previously explained, causes the main drive roll 62 to advance the tabulating card from one of its index-point columns to another.

This reciprocatory motion of the bail 135 and its supporting bell crank arms 136 is accomplished by a cam follower 138 which is fixed -upon a shaft 139 having its ends fixed to the bell crank arms 136 the cam follower arm 138 being biased by a spring 140 into engagement with a cam 141 fixedly secured to the read speed shaft 36. As indicated in FIGURE l0 the cam 141 has four repetitive lobe-like configurations spaced by corresponding to the four 90 angular rotational step movements of the shaft 36 under control of the clutch 54. Each of these repetitive lobe configurations of the cam 141 includes a high step an intermediate Step and a low step. In each angular halt position of the shaft 36 as controlled by the clutch 54 the cam follower 138 rests upon the intermediate step of the cam 141 as indicated in FIGURE 10. This positons the bail such that the interposers 130 have their ends spaced a short distance from the latch portion 129 of each of the star wheel bell cranks 123.

For this position of the bail 135, all of the interposers 130 are engaged by an unlatch bail 142 which is supported at its ends by arms 143 xedly secured to a shaft 144 journalled in the side plates 51 and 53. A cam follower 145 is secured to the shaft 144 and is biased by a spring 146 into engagement with a cam 147 secured on the read speed shaft 36 and having four raised lobes spaced 90 around the periphery of the cam 147. Upon engagement of the unlatch bail 142 with the interposers 130 at a time when the cam follower 145 rests upon a lobe of the cam 147, the right hand ends of the inter- 8 posers 130 (as seen in FIGURE l0) are depressed by the bail below the lower ends of individual ones of a plurality of contact actuating levers 148 pivotally mounted on a shaft 149 supported between side walls 1,50 and 151 (FIGURE 4) which are in turn secured to side walls 51 and 53 respectively.

The contact actuating arms 148 may rotate through a small arc in a manner presently to be described, and are guided in this motion by a comb 152 supported between the side walls and 151. The upper end of each of the arms 148 engages oppositely disposed but axially aligned contact actuating pins 153 and 154 of two contact subassemblies 155 and 156, each having'a base support member 157 upon which are mounted a stack of electrical contacts 158. Each of the base members 157 has an end foot portion 159` of rectangular cross-section which is received within and positioned by an individual one of plural transverse grooves 160 milled into the lower face of the spacing bar 161 and is positioned laterally within the groove by a set screw 162 having a lock nut 163 to lock the set screw in adjusted position. Each of the subassemblies 155 and 156 is secured in assembled lrelation with the spacing bar 161 by a machine screw 164 which extends through an elliptical aperture 16S of the spacing bar 161. The contact subassemblies 155 and 156 are positioned in sets in opposing relation transversely of the spacing bar 161 and there are plural sets of such subassemblies spaced longitudinally of the spacing bar 161. The total number of these sets corresponds to the number of star wheel bell cranks 123 with which the reader is provided to read a tabulating card having the same number of index-point rows. Since the index-point rows of the tabulating card are conventionally spaced more closely than it is conveniently feasible to space the relatively wider subassem'blies 155 and 156 longitudinally of the spacing bar 161, the contact actuating levers 148 are offset from end to end. The amount of such offset varies with the relative position of a given one of the interposers 130 and the position of the corresponding Contact subassembly sets 158 and 159.

The contact actuating arms 148 are guided at their lower ends by a comb 166 extending between and secured to the side plates 51 and 53. The actuating arms 148 are biased by a spring 167, extending between each actuating arm and an upturned forward edge ange 1,68 provided on the comb 166, into engagement with the edge of a transverse stop bar 169 secured beneath the comb 166. With the actuating arms 148 in engagement with the stop bar 169, the lower ends of the actuating arms overlie in latching relation the right-hand ends (as seen in FIGURE 10) of the interposers 130 and thus prevent the latter from pivoting about the bail 135 under bias of the springs 140. Also in this position of the actuating arms 148, the electrical contacts of the contact subassembly 155 are in closed contact position and the electrical contacts of the subassembly 156 are in open position.

Referring now additionally to .FIGURES 11, 12 and 13, the program drum 38 comprises a drum frame indicated generally at 170 which includes a butt end 171 and a hub end 172 which respectively accepts the shaft 64 and accepts and journals the shaft end 64a. A cylindrical outer annulus 173 is integrally supported in axial relation to hub 172 and butt 171 by a web 174 at each respectively. A key member 175 is coaxially mounted relative to both shaft 64 and outer annulus 173, and includes an extension 176 which is axially keyed to outer annulus 173. A set screw 177 locks key member 175 to shaft 64, and thereby rotationally locks outer annulus 173 and thus drum frame 170 to shaft 64.

The drum frame butt end 171 includes an end plate 178. A removable annular end member 179 is provided and adapted to slidably tit over the outer annulus 173 of drum frame 170. A plurality of program rings 180 are axially fit over the outer annulus 173, for a purpose to be hereinafter described. The length of outer annulus 173 A9.. is such as to accept an integral plurality of program rings 1-80 and'end member 179 `upon the annulus 173 and in abutment'with end plate 178. Hub end 172 is provided with externalthreads 181 and terminates in a knob 182. A calibrated index disc 183 is axially engaged upon threads 181 and carries peripherallyv (FIGURE 13) a series of numerals and numeral points ranging from to 80. By turning'theindex disc 183' upon threads 181 so that it approaches end vplate 178, an assembly of program rings 180 and end member 179 may be axially secured onouter annulus 173.

Each program ring 180 is preferably fabricated of a relatively low tear or shear strengthV material, such as plastic, for a purpose to be described. While many plastics and non-plastics may be employed, one example is to fabricate rings 180 in phenol-formaldehyde resin. Each ring 180 includes a base annular portion 18051 and a raised annularportion 180b. The base1portionf180a' functions to axially space the successive raised portions180b when a plurality of rings 180 are axially mounted on annulus .173. The raised annulus portion 180b of each ring includes spaced division into av number of teeth 180C (FIGURE l2). The number of teeth'180c occupying the raised annulus 180b will depend upon the numberr of index-points contained in each row of the card` 81a. It is usual with Hollarith cards to employ eighty index-points in each row, and in such a system eighty-five teeth 180e are employed, and eighty` are in- -delxed at index disc 183.In2all cases the number of teeth 180c` `will be atleast equal to Vthe number of'e index-points in each row of card-81a, and preferably a few greater', as for example, the five greater in the illustrated eighty-five tooth rings. The number of 'rings 180 employed on drum 38 corresponds to thenumber of rows 'in card 81, and in the Hollarith cardsystem twelve rings will -be employedfas illustrated in FIGURE `11. An index-point on lcard 81 has plural coordinates (row and column) and is thereby uniquely correlatable-to a specific one of teeth 180e on a specificon'e of rings 180. Each ring 180 isheld against rotational movement upon'outer drum -annulus 173 by a key 180d integral 'with each ring 180, Vwhich axially rides in a groove '180e in drum 4outer annulus 173.

Whilethe above-described use of separate program rings.180 on program drum 38 is convenient and preferred, it is also possible to fabricate t-he member occupying the outer annulus y173'0f drum 38 as a single unitary construction (still with teeth 180C) rather than as a plurality of separate rings .180-Also, it is not necessary that the structure occupyingiannulus 173 including the teeth-180C, be fabricated in a breakable material as aforesaid. This is true whether separate rings or the aforesaid unitary;structure occupies annulus 173. In that case, other materials may be chosen for the structure occupying annulus 173, and rather than being breakably removable as aforesaid, teeth 180e may instead be individually keyedor otherwise removably and replaceably connected to the program drum 38. Finally, it is not necessary that the structure immediately carrying teeth 180cbe a separate component of drum 38. Particularly when teeth 180C are arranged to be replaceable, i.e., removable without breaking, it may be advantageous to employ a more unitary program drum 38.

A contact assembly support frame 184 (FIGURES 11.and 12) is secured to side plate 51 by machine screws 185 and 186 through flanges 187 and 188 respectively. A Y

screws 198 and 199. Springs 195 thereby act to bias plate 192 in the counter-clockwise direction about shaft 189, as viewed in FIGURE 12.

A shaft 200 is rotatably mounted within arm 190 of frame support 184 at circular aperture 201 and is journalled at groove 20011 of flange 191 by a pin 202. At the free end of shaft 200 is secured a knob 203 bearing a lever 204, for the purpose of manually rotating shaft 200 within a limited arc. A stop member 205 (FIGURE 12) fixedly securedto shaft 200 is provided with two circular outer portions, 20561 and 205b, the latter portion being of smaller radius, and thetwo portions 20511 and 205b cooperate to define stops 206 and 207. A pin 209 is fixedly secured to frame support 184 so as to be located from the center of shaft 200 a distance slightly greater than that of surface 205b, so as to intercept stops 206 and 207 respectively during counter-clockwise and clockwise rotation (as viewed in FIGURE l2) of shaft 200. The stops 206 and'207 are situated about 180 apart, and consequently lever 204 with shaft 200 may be rotated within a arc. 1

Also fixedly secured to shaft 200 is a pair of eccentric cams`208, located at axial positions on shaft 200 respectively near portions .190` and 191 of frame support 184. The cams 208 have a high portion 208a and a low portion 208b spaced approximately 180 apart, with intermediate portions 208C diminishing from the high to the low portions. At a position on frame 192 adjacent each cam-is provided a set` screw 210 which acts as a cam follower for the associated cam. The cams 208 are fixed on shaft 200 with relation to the fixed positions on shaft 200 of stops 206 and 207 so that when shaft 200 is stopped by stop 206 the high point of cams 208 has slightly overridden the followers 210, while when the shaft 200 is stopped by stop 207 the low point of cams 208 has not quite reached the followers 210. The slight override and underride promotes stability of the followers on the cam at the stop 206 and stop 207 positions. The cams 208 thereby are effective to pivot the plate 192 about shaft 189 and against the bias of springs 195 in response to movement of lever 204.

When plate 192 is pivoted about shaft 189 by the action of lever 204 and cams 208, end 19211 of plate 192 is pivoted toward and away from the outer periphery of program drum 38 as cams 208 are moved to the high and low contacts with followers 210 respectively. Mounted at end 19211 of plate 192 is a plurality of program drum electrical contact subassemblies 211. Secured to plate 192 is a dust cover 212 which protects the subassemblies 211 from damage. Each subassembly 211 is mounted at a position on plate 192 (FIGURE 11) aligned with the raised annulus 180b of teeth 180e` of respective ones of the program rings 180 on the drum 38. There are thus, in the illustrated twelve ring 180 embodiment, twelve contact subassemblies 211 aligned therewith. It will be apparent that if, as aforesaid, a unitary structure is employed instead of separate rings, teeth 180o-will still be arranged in circumferential rows on drum 38, and consequently the same number and arrangement of contact subassemblies 211 may be employed.

Each contact subassembly 211 includes a terminal block 213 secured to plate 192 by a screw 214. Additional screws 215 and 216 hold the terminal block 213 together and constitute respectively electrical terminals for contact arms 217 and 218. Contact arm 218 is passive, while contact arm 217 constitutes a spring normally biasing its contact 21711 against contact 21811 of contact arm 218, so that the contacts are normally closed. Carried at the extreme of end 19211 of plate 192 is a series of flanges 192b which mutually carry a shaft 219. On shaft 219 and between adjacent pairs of flanges 192b, a roller arm 220 is provided for each contact subassembly 211. The roller arm 220 is freely pivotable on shaft 219, and constitutes a pair of members 22011 defining a slot therebetween (FIG- URE 11) and joined at one end by a pivot ferrule 220b which accepts shaft 219 and at the other end by a roller wheel 221. At an intermediate point between the pair of members 220a is mounted an extension 222 which extends through an aperture 218b in contact arm 218 and toward Contact arm 217. When roller wheel 221 is riding on the outer periphery of teeth 180e of the program ring raised annulus 180k,` as illustrated in FIGURE 12, the extension 222 reaches contact 217 and holds it against its spring bias and away from contact with contact arm 218 so that contacts 217a, 218a, are open. u

The diameter of roller wheel 221 is related to the spacing and depth of teeth 180e of program ring 180. The normal spacing between teeth 180e` is insufficient to allow roller 221 to enter, so that extension 222 is essentially at a constant relation to contact arm 218 when normally spaced teeth pass beneath roller 221. The contacts 217:1, 21811, are thus normally held open by thel presence of normally spaced teeth 180C. The spacing of teeth 180C is also such, with relation to the diameter of roller 221, that even one missing tooth 180e allows the roller 221 to move to the right (as viewed in FIGURE 12) under the bias of contact arm 217 via extension 222, a suflcient distance so that contacts 217e, 218cz, are closed while the roller 221 occupies the position of the missing tooth. A series of adjacent missing teeth induces a longer period of closed contacts 217a, 218a. Thus by breaking off (or, where appropriate, by otherwise removing) selected teeth 180e` on selected ones of program rings 180 (or, where appropriate, in selected circumferential rows in a unitary structure), a set of contacts 217a, 218a, can be closed during selected periods corresponding to the presence of the aperture created by those missing teeth under the related one of the plurality of rollers 221. Since the program drum 38 is on a common shaft Vwith main drive roll 62, proper initial adjustment of the position of the missing teeth 180e` by reference between index disc 183 and fixed pointer 229 (FIGURE 13) will close contacts 217:1, 2180, during traverse of any desired one or more index-points on card 81 by star wheels 122. The signals derivable at the plurality of terminals 215, 216, are utilized to control various functions of the reader, as will be more fully described hereinbelow. One of these functions is the switching from read speed to high skip speed drive of card 81a.

Shaft 200 (FIGURE l2) carries a cam 225 which is active to press and' release a contact arm 226 associated with microswitch 227 which is mounted to side plate 51 by S-shaped bracket 228. Cam 225 is fixed to shaft 200 at a position to engage arm 226 and close the contacts of microswitch 227 when cam 208 has its high position under cam follower 210, as illustrated in FIGURE 11. At the low position of cam 208, cam 225 is positioned to disengage arm 226, and arm 226 being spring biased away from microswitch 227, allows the contacts of microswitch 227 to open.

Positioning lever 204 so that the low portion of cam 208 is under cam follower 210 allows contact subassembly 211 to move counter-clockwise, as viewed in FIGURE 12, so that rings 180 or the whole program drum 38 may be removed and the like. However, such movement of subassembly 211 away from program drum 38 also .allows contacts 217a, 218a, to close. The microswitch 227 acts as an interlock in the circuit of contacts 217g, 218e, such that a spurious signal produced at 217a, 218:1, by turning of cam 208 to its low position meets an open circuit at microswitch 227 because cam 225 has also thereby been turned to disengage arm 226.

Referring now additionally to FIGURES 14-21, the input hopper 32 (FIGURE 14) is constructed to accommodate a pack of individual cards 81 between a back plate 230 and a pressure plate 231. The single example card 81a is drawn from the face of deck 81 adjacent to back-plate 230, and then travels (FIGURE 18) from input hopper 32 downwardly to the home position between card driving discs 63 and spaced discs 84 and thence through the 12 reading position and along the path indicated at 232 to the output hopper 33. As aforesaid, any card of deck 81is designated herein as 81a when it occupies the positionv illustrated in the figures with that designation.

The driving elements adapted to pick card 81a from hopper 32 and deliver it to the home position between discs 63 and discs 84 include a picker 233 including a knife 234 (FIGURES 14, 17 and 18) secured to the uppermost portion thereof by a machine screw 235 so that an edge 236Aof the knife 234 protrudes over the picker 233, body a distance just equal to or slightly less than the thickness of card 81a, Picker 233 is slidably mounted on vertical shaft 237 which lis fixedly mounted to back-plate 230 by blocks 238 and 239. Shaft 237 is secured thereto by set screw 240, and a cushion'241of hard rubber or similar material acts as astop atop lower block 239. Picker 233 isthus adapted to ride up and down shaft 237 between the position shown in FIGURE 17 and the position shown in FIGURE 18 picking and driving a different card 81a` on each downstroke.

Pressure plate 231 is secured by machine screws 242 to slide members 243 and 244 which are mounted on rollers 245 so as to ybe free to reciprocate back and forth carryingy pressure plate 231 toward and away from pressured Contact with the deck of cards 81 in inlet hopper 32. As is best shown in FIGURE 15, a pair of side plates 246 and 247 are secured at their lower portions to side plates `53 and 514 respectively. A shaft 248 is rotatably journalled in side plates 246 and 247 at bearing assemblies 249 and 250 respectively. Fixedly connected to shaft 248 is a pair of crank arms 251 and 252 (FIGURE 14) which each extends forward to rotatably engage one of connecting arms. 253 and 254, and `which extends backward t0 engage one of tension-biasing helical springs 255. The other end of each of connecting arms 253 and 254 is rotatably attached to picker 233, and the other ends of springs 255 are attached to side plates 246. 247, by brackets y 256. Also fixedly secured to shaft 248 is an Lshaped cam follower arm 257 (FIGURE 14) bearing a cam wheel 258. Arm 257 is a tension-biased to bracket 256 `by helical spring 259. Freely mounted on shaft 248 are a pair of cam follower arms 260 and 261, mounted by cylinders 262 and 263 respectively, and carrying follower wheels 264 and 265 respectively. Cylinders 262, 263, are free to rotate on shaft 248. and are axially restrained by fixed shaft dises 266 and 267.

Shaft 268 is rotationally journalled in side plates 246 and 247 at bearing assemblies 269 and 270 respectively. Fixedly attached to shaft 268 is a cam follower arm 269 with follower wheel 270. Also fixedly attached to shaft 268 is a pair of crank arms 271 and 272 which are rotationally connected respectively to a pair of connecting arms 273 and 274 which are in turn rotationally connected to slide members 243 and 244 respectively, Crank arms 271 and 273 are biased near their midpoints by helical tension springs 275 and 276 which are in turn secured to side plates 246 and247 respectively.

Power shaft 277 is journalled in side plates 246 and 247 by bearing structures 278 and 279. A clutch 280 connects coaxial pulley 281 with shaft 277. Clutch 280 is selectively electrically a'ctuatable to drive shaft 277 from pulley 281. Pulley 281 is driven via belt 282, from pulley 283 on idler shaft 284 journalled at bearings 285 and 286 between side plates 246 and 247. ldler shaft 284 is in turn driven at pulley 287 thereon from pulley 288 on idler shaft 46 (FIGURES 2 and 14) via belt 289. Idler shaft 46 is in turn driven from motor shaft 39 as already described. Fixed to shaft 277 is a picker actuating cam 290 which is contacted by follower wheel 258 of follower arm 257 so that shaft 248 is rotationally oscillated in response to the rotation of shaft 277. A pressure plate actuating cam 291 is fixed to shaft 277 and is contacted by follower wheel 270 of follower arm 269 so that shaft 268 is rotationally oscillatcd in response to 

1. IN APPARATUS FOR READING A SERIES OF TABULATING CARDS IN TURN, EACH CARD HAVING A PLURALITY OF INDEX-POINTS ARRANGED IN A MATRIX OF COLUMNS AND ROWS, INCLUDING CARD DRIVING MEANS FOR ADVANCING EACH SAID CARD ENDWISE COLUMN-BY-COLUMN, AND AN INDEX-POINT SENSING MEANS FOR EACH OF SAID ROWS FOR READING EACH INDEX-POINT IN EACH COLUMN AS IT IS ADVANCED AND DERIVING AN INFORMATION SIGNAL THEREFROM, THE IMPROVEMENT IN COMBINATION THEREWITH, COMPRISING A DRUM INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF OUTER CIRCUMFERENTIAL ZONES, EACH SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL ZONE INCLUDING A PLURALITY OF CIRCUMFERENTIALLY SPACED TOOTH POSITIONS EACH OF WHICH NORMALLY CONTAINS A REMOVABLE TOOTH, SAID PLURALITY OF TOOTH POSITIONS IN EACH ZONE BEING AT LEAST EQUAL TO THE NUMBER OF INDEX-POINTS IN EACH ROW OF SAID TUBULATING CARD; A SET OF ELECTRICAL CONTACTS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL ZONE; A FOLLOWER MEANS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL ZONE AND ADAPTED TO CHANGE THE STATE OF SAID ASSOCIATED CONTACTS UPON ENGAGEMENT WITH A TOOTH POSITION HAVING NO TOOTH AND TO HOLD SAID CHANGED STATE UNTIL ENGAGEMENT WITH ANOTHERTOOTH; DRUM DRIVING MEANS FOR DRIVING SAID DRUM; MEANS FOR COORDINATING SAID CARD DRIVING MEANS AND SAID DRUM DRIVING MEANS SO THAT THE COLUMN OF INDEX-POINTS SENSED BY SAID SENSING MEANS AT ANY GIVEN MOMENT IS MATCHED BY THE SIMULTANEOUS APPERANCE OF PREDETERMINED ONES OF SAID TOOTH POSITIONS IN SAID CIRCUMFERENTIAL ZONES UNDER SAID FOLLOWER MEANS; AND MEANS FOR CONTROLLING AT LEAST ONE OF SAID CARD DRIVING MEANS AND SAID SENSING MEANS AND THE SIGNAL DERIVED FROM SAID SENSING MEANS IN RESPONSE TO THE STATE OF SAID CONTACTS. 